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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys, os, math
sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
from manim import *
from tiktok import *
BENF = [math.log10(1 + 1 / d) for d in range(1, 10)] # Benford's law
PLANO = [1 / 9] * 9 # what one would expect
BASE_Y, MAXH, BW = -0.9, 4.6, 0.72
XS = [-3.52 + i * 0.88 for i in range(9)]
class Benford(TikTok):
NAME = "benford"
def bar(self, i, frac, color):
h = max(frac / 0.31 * MAXH, 0.02)
r = Rectangle(width=BW, height=h, stroke_width=0, fill_color=color, fill_opacity=1)
r.move_to([XS[i], BASE_Y, 0], DOWN)
return r
def construct(self):
self.prepare()
chip = self.chip("Estadística forense", C_GREEN)
# ---- list of numbers -----
raw = ["1.243", "87", "2.910", "146", "3.502", "1.078", "254", "19.640"]
item_list = VGroup(*[Text(n, font=FONT, font_size=46, weight=BOLD, color=WHITE)
for n in raw]).arrange_in_grid(4, 2, buff=(1.1, 0.42))
item_list.move_to(UP * 2.4)
with self.beat(0) as b:
b.play(FadeIn(chip, shift=DOWN * 0.3), run_time=0.45)
b.play(LaggedStart(*[FadeIn(t, shift=UP * 0.15) for t in item_list],
lag_ratio=0.12), run_time=1.3)
with self.beat(1) as b:
firsts = VGroup(*[t[0].copy().set_color(AMBER) for t in item_list])
b.play(LaggedStart(*[t[0].animate.set_color(AMBER) for t in item_list],
lag_ratio=0.1), run_time=1.0)
b.play(*[Indicate(t[0], color=AMBER, scale_factor=1.5) for t in item_list],
run_time=0.8)
# ---- what one would expect ---
labels = VGroup(*[Text(str(d), font=FONT, font_size=38, weight=BOLD, color=C_GRAY)
.move_to([XS[d - 1], BASE_Y - 0.42, 0]) for d in range(1, 10)])
floor = Line([-4.1, BASE_Y, 0], [4.1, BASE_Y, 0], stroke_width=5, color="#3A4766")
bars = VGroup(*[self.bar(i, PLANO[i], "#44506E") for i in range(9)])
with self.beat(2) as b:
b.play(FadeOut(item_list), run_time=0.4)
b.play(Create(floor), FadeIn(labels), run_time=0.5)
b.play(LaggedStart(*[GrowFromEdge(x, DOWN) for x in bars],
lag_ratio=0.07), run_time=1.0)
exp = Text("11% cada uno", font=FONT, font_size=40, weight=BOLD, color=C_GRAY)
exp.move_to(UP * 4.6)
b.play(FadeIn(exp), run_time=0.45)
# ---- reality --------
with self.beat(3) as b:
nb = self.bar(0, BENF[0], AMBER)
b.play(FadeOut(exp), run_time=0.25)
b.play(Transform(bars[0], nb), labels[0].animate.set_color(AMBER), run_time=1.0)
pct = Text("30%", font=FONT, font_size=42, weight=BOLD, color=AMBER)
pct.next_to(nb, UP, buff=0.18)
b.play(FadeIn(pct, shift=UP * 0.15), run_time=0.5)
with self.beat(4) as b:
news = [self.bar(i, BENF[i], C_SKY) for i in range(1, 9)]
b.play(LaggedStart(*[Transform(bars[i + 1], news[i]) for i in range(8)],
lag_ratio=0.1), run_time=1.4)
p2 = Text("17%", font=FONT, font_size=34, weight=BOLD, color=C_SKY)
p2.next_to(news[0], UP, buff=0.15)
p9 = Text("4%", font=FONT, font_size=34, weight=BOLD, color=C_SKY)
p9.next_to(news[7], UP, buff=0.15)
b.play(FadeIn(p2), FadeIn(p9), run_time=0.5)
with self.beat(5) as b:
name = self.fit(Text("LEY DE BENFORD", font=FONT, font_size=62,
weight=BOLD, color=WHITE), 8.0).move_to(UP * 4.7)
b.play(Write(name), run_time=1.0)
with self.beat(6) as b:
words = VGroup(*[Text(w, font=FONT, font_size=34, color=C_GRAY)
for w in ("poblaciones", "precios", "likes", "ríos")])
words.arrange(RIGHT, buff=0.45).move_to(DOWN * 1.9)
self.fit(words, 8.2)
b.play(LaggedStart(*[FadeIn(w, shift=UP * 0.15) for w in words],
lag_ratio=0.25), run_time=1.1)
# ---- the made-up numbers -------
with self.beat(7) as b:
b.play(FadeOut(words), run_time=0.3)
fake = VGroup(*[Rectangle(width=BW, height=PLANO[i] / 0.31 * MAXH,
stroke_color=C_PINK, stroke_width=5,
fill_opacity=0).move_to([XS[i], BASE_Y, 0], DOWN)
for i in range(9)])
lbl = Text("inventados", font=FONT, font_size=42, weight=BOLD, color=C_PINK)
lbl.move_to(DOWN * 2.0)
b.play(LaggedStart(*[Create(f) for f in fake], lag_ratio=0.07), run_time=1.1)
b.play(FadeIn(lbl, shift=UP * 0.15), run_time=0.5)
with self.beat(8) as b:
b.play(*[Indicate(fake[i], color=C_PINK, scale_factor=1.06) for i in (0, 1)],
run_time=0.8)
gap = DoubleArrow(fake[0].get_top() + UP * 0.08, bars[0].get_top() + DOWN * 0.08,
buff=0, color=C_PINK, stroke_width=7,
tip_length=0.22).shift(RIGHT * 0.0)
b.play(GrowArrow(gap), run_time=0.7)
b.play(Flash(gap, color=C_PINK, line_length=0.4, num_lines=14,
flash_radius=1.0), run_time=0.6)
with self.beat(9) as b:
b.play(FadeOut(VGroup(fake, gap, lbl)), run_time=0.4)
txt = VGroup(
self.fit(Text("así agarraron", font=FONT, font_size=46,
weight=BOLD, color=WHITE), 8.0),
self.fit(Text("fraudes contables reales", font=FONT, font_size=46,
weight=BOLD, color=C_PINK), 8.0),
).arrange(DOWN, buff=0.3).move_to(DOWN * 2.1)
b.play(FadeIn(txt[0], shift=UP * 0.15), run_time=0.5)
b.play(FadeIn(txt[1], shift=UP * 0.15), run_time=0.6)
with self.beat(10) as b:
count_txt = self.fit(Text("probá con tu tarjeta", font=FONT, font_size=58,
weight=BOLD, color=AMBER), 7.9).move_to(DOWN * 3.15)
b.play(FadeOut(txt), run_time=0.3)
b.play(Write(count_txt), run_time=0.9)
b.play(Circumscribe(count_txt, color=AMBER, buff=0.28, stroke_width=7), run_time=1.0)
self.finish()
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